thyroid pathology

thyroid

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Normal

Non-neoplastic

Grave disease
Hashimoto disease
nodular hyperplasia
thyroiditis
- acute thyroiditis
- subacute thyroiditis
  - De Quervain thyroiditis
  - subacute lymphocytic thyroiditis
  - postpartum thyroiditis
  - palpation thyroiditis
- Riedel thyroiditis
goiter
- multinodular goiter
- dyshormonogenetic goiter
- amyloid goiter
cysts
- thyroglossal duct cyst
- branchial cleft cyst
other
- ultimobranchial body remnant
- intrathyroidal inclusion
parathyroid

WHO neoplasms

carcinoma
- Follicular carcinoma
  - Hurthle cell carcinoma
- papillary carcinoma
- medullary carcinoma
- poorly differentiated carcinoma
- anaplastic carcinoma
- SCC
- mucoepidermoid carcinoma
- sclerosing mucoepidermoid carcinoma with eosinophilia
- mucinous carcinoma
- mixed medullary and follicular cell carcinoma
- spindle cell tumor with thymus-like differentiation
- carcinoma showing thymus-like differentiation
adenoma and related
other
- teratoma
- hematolymphoid
- ectopic thymoma
- angiosarcoma
- smooth muscle tumors
- peripheral nerve sheath tumors
- paraganglioma
- solitary fibrous tumor
- follicular dendritic cell tumor
- langerhans cell histiocytosis
- metastasis
parathyroid
- parathyroid carcinoma
- parathyroid adenoma

TNM (useful for grossing)

m: multifocal
T1: <= 2cm
T2: 2-4cm
T3: > 4cm or minimal extrathyroid extension
- sternohyoid muscle
- perithyroid soft tissue
T4a
- intrathyroid anaplastic carcinoma
- subcutaneous soft tissue invasion
- larynx
- trachea
- esophagus
- recurrent laryngeal nerve
T4b
- extrathyroidal anaplastic carcinoma
- invades prevertebral fascia
- encases carotid artery
- encases mediastinal vessels
regional nodes: central compartment, lateral cervical, upper mediastinal
N1: regional node metastasis
N1a: level VI metastasis
- pretracheal
- paratracheal
- prelaryngeal/Delphian
N1b: cervical or superior mediastinal nodes