nasopharynx







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  • Normal

    • stratified squamous
    • respiratory

  • Non-neoplastic

    • inflammation

  • WHO neoplasms

    • malignant epithelial
      • nasopharyngeal carcinoma
        • nonkeratinizing carcinoma
        • keratinizing SCC
        • basaloid SCC
      • papillary adenocarcinoma
      • salivary gland type carcinoma
    • benign epithelial
      • hairy polyp
      • schneiderian papilloma
      • squamous papilloma
      • ectopic pituitary adenoma
      • salivary gland anlage tumor
      • craniopharyngioma
    • angiofibroma
    • hematolymphoid
      • lymphoma
        • Hodgkin disease
        • DLBCL
        • T-cell lymphoma
      • follicular dendritic cell sarcoma
      • plasmacytoma
      • other
        • castleman disease
        • myeloid sarcoma
        • Rosai Dorfman disease
    • bone and cartilage
      • chordoma
    • metastasis

  • TNM (useful for grossing)

    • T
      • T1: nasopharynx only
      • T2a: oropharynx, nasal cavity involvement
      • T2b: parapharyngeal involvement
      • T3: bony structure, sinus involvement
      • T4: intracranial, cranial nerve, infratemporal fossa, hypopharynx, orbit, masticator space involvement
    • N
      • N1: unilateral, <6cm
      • N2: bilateral, <6cm
      • N3a: >6cm
      • N3b: in supraclavicular fossa

  • Staging

    • 0: Tis
    • I: T1
    • IIA: T2a
    • IIB
      • T1-2a, N1
      • T2b, N0-1
    • III
      • T1-2b, N2
      • T3
    • IVA: T4
    • IVB: N3
    • IVC: M1
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