dysplasia


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  • Histology

    • architecture: crowding, polarity loss
    • cytology: low grade atypia
      • nuclear rounding
      • nuclei 2x lymphocyte, similar to normal
      • scattered hyperchromasia
      • cytoplasmic eosinophilia
    • scattered mitosis
    • but falls short of carcinoma in situ

  • Ddx

    • UCIS (unequivacal high grade cytology)
      • pleomorphism
      • prominent nucleoli
      • distributed throughout urothelium
      • upper level mitosis
    • reactive
    • urothelial atypia of unknown significance (has inflammation, but too much atypia to brush off as reactive)
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