Low grade neoplasm


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  • Clinical

    • cystoscopy dx trumps cytology (cytology not as reliable)
    • cytologic dx only meaningful for upper tract specimen where scope can't reach

  • Entities

    • papilloma (rare, young pt, never recur)
    • PUNLMP
    • low grade urothelial carcinoma

  • Papilloma Cytology

    • no atypia
    • papillary architecture
    • unable to dx by cytology unless papillary fronds present

  • PUNLMP and LG UC Cytology

    • cell clusters with irregular edges
    • papillary fragments (fibrovascular core is diagnostic but rare)
    • high NC ratio
    • irregular nuclear membrane
    • homogeneous cytoplasm
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