radiation effect


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  • Histology

    • cancer cells
      • architecture
        • loss of glandular pattern
        • clustered or individual cells
      • cytology
        • pale cytoplasm
        • increased cytoplasm volume
        • vacuolated
        • greater nuclear size variation
        • pyknotic or large with clumped chromatin
        • nucleoli loss
    • stroma
      • sclerosis
      • hyalinization
    • normal cells
      • nuclear atypia even greater than cancer cells

  • Stains

    • CK stains residual cancer cells

  • Signout

    • no evidence of residual cancer
    • residual cancer showing ___ radiation effect
    • no need for Gleason grading
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